Sometimes when analysing natural language it is necessary to normalise the text. For example converting everything to lower case ensures that 'Inform' and 'inform' are not treated as different words. Sometimes it might also be necessary to treat 'inform' and 'informed' as the same. In those cases stemming and/or lemmatizing will be necessary. But these processes can give unexpected results. In natural language programming a stemmer will remove affixes from a word leaving only the stem. NLTK comes with a number of in-built stemmers. Comparison of the standard stemmers:
The Porter and Snowball stemmers generate the same result the Lancaster stemmer produces very different results.
Lemmatization is simmilar to stemming except it always generates a valid word rather than a stem. For example: classify gives classify rather than classifi differentiate gives differentiate rather than differenti in the case of words like believes it gives belief whereas the Porter stemmer will give believ
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This blog includes:Scripts mainly in Python with a few in R covering NLP, Pandas, Matplotlib and others. See the home page for links to some of the scripts. Also includes some explanations of basic data science terminology. Archives
October 2018
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