Using Pandas and Flask to create a basic web application

The data comes from the University ranking datasets I mentioned in the last post. The CWUR dataset includes the number of patents for each university. I wanted to group the universities by country and sum the total number of patents. The final table should be available via a browser. 

Combining Pandas and Flask makes the task relatively simple. I based my code on the following example. The code:

The output can be improved with CSS. But the raw output meets my basic requirements:

Some notes:

the line of code: df = df.groupby(by=['country'])['patents'].sum().to_frame() is doing most of the work, the groupby() function is simialr to group by in Oracle. This line of code creates a series object, but for the to_html() function to be available I need it to be a dataframe so I used the to_frame() function. The link I provided to the example code above explains how Flask is working.